...I can state without equivocation that the physical sources of suffering associated with dying all can be controlled. Most often, such symptoms as pain, shortness of breath, and nausea, yield to routine evaluation and straightforward interventions. Even the pain of end-stage cancer commonly can be managed with oral medications. In a small percentage of cases, pain or other bothersome symptoms do require advanced interventions. Rarely, sedation is required to effectively alleviate pain, breathlessness, or terminal agitation.
Symptom management is not always easy. Effective therapy may require the efforts of a physician with special interest in palliative medicine and a team of hospice-trained nurses, consultant pharmacists, and others. Yet I want to state again clearly that in all cases the physical distress of the dying can be controlled.